Effects On Marriage And Subsequent ChildrenShort-term research into the psychiatric sequelae of abortion fails to
document its devastating long-term negative effects on women and on their
forming and sustaining stable spousal relationships, and of caring
appropriately for subsequent children. They may have difficulty bonding
with a new baby, or, conversely, become overprotective and inappropriately
attached to the next child who bears the burden of replacing the aborted
baby. These children are often referred to child psychiatrists because of
separation anxiety, or because they are judged to be at risk for physical
abuse. Couples may be treated for infertility or dysfunctional marriages,
which stem from a previous abortion or abortions. Substance abuse,
"burnout" on the job, psycho-somatic symptoms, eating disorders, chronic
depression and suicide attempts which routinely bring women into
psychiatric care can often be traced to an abortion experience several
years before through a careful and complete history.
In addition to immediate intervention for the presenting problem,
successful treatment of women who have suffered the tragedy of abortion
requires that the underlying traumatic loss be acknowledged and
appropriately grieved. Psychotherapy involves facilitating the work of
mourning which has been so long delayed. Within a therapeutic relationship,
the woman is encouraged to share her traumatic loss and to acknowledge her
role in it. She is helped to share the mental image she has formed of her
child & often one of a baby being torn to pieces or crying out in pain. As
the grief work proceeds, her image is transformed into a less disturbing
picture of her child at peace. She may name the child and arrange for a
religious service to be performed for him or her. She accepts God's
forgiveness and may be able to forgive herself and ask forgiveness of her
child. Eventually she is able to put the child to rest in her mind. Only
then is she free to resume her life productivelyÑto make new relationships
or repair old ones, to work, to play, and to be creative once again.4
With 30 million abortions in this country since Roe v. Wade, and the
continuing rate of 1.5 million abortions per year, we can no longer deny
the public health significance of their psychological and psychophysical
sequelae. Epidemiological studies are urgently needed which are
statistically sound and which follow women and men for at least ten years
postabortion. However, it is axiomatic that the best treatment for any
epidemic is primary prevention. Abortion is an elective surgical procedure
performed on healthy women (pregnancy is not a disease). The immediate
abolition of elective abortion would eradicate the iatrogenic epidemic of
post-abortion pathology and would serve the best interests of women and
society. In Evangelium Vitae (no. 99) John Paul II spells out the pastoral
approach of the church:
The wound in your heart may not yet have healed. Certainly what happened
was and remains terribly wrong. But do not give in to discouragement and do
not lose hope. Try rather to understand what happened and face it honestly.
If you have not already done so, give yourself over with humility and trust
to repentance. The Father of mercies is ready to give you his forgiveness
and his peace in the Sacrament of Reconciliation. You will come to
understand that nothing is definitely lost and you will also be able to ask
forgiveness from your child, who is now living in the Lord. With the
friendly and expert help and advice of other people, and as a result of
your own painful experience, you can be among the most eloquent defenders
of everyone's right to life.
Notes
1. Wathen, N.C., "Perinatal Bereavement," British Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynecology 97 [1990]: 759-760.
2. Basic Books: New York, 1983.
3. Speckhard, A. & Rue, V. "Complicated Mourning: Dynamics of Impacted
Post-Abortion Grief," Journal of Pre- and Perinatal Psychology 8 [1993]:
6-12.
4. Angelo, E.J. "The Negative Impact of Abortion on Women and Families," in
Post-Abortion Aftermath, Mannion, M. ed. [Sheed and Ward: Kansas City, MO,
1994].
E. Joanne Angelo, M.D. is Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at
Tufts University School of Medicine and a psychiatrist in private practice
in Boston. She is a Corresponding Member of the Pontifical Academy for
Life. This article originally appeared in the November 1995 issue of Ethics
& Medics, a monthly publication of the Pope John Center.
© The Human Life Review., The Human Life Foundation, Inc., Editorial
Office, Room 840, 150 E. 35th St., New York, N.Y. 10016.
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