Originally posted by dotsg:
the missing dollar
Three men decided to split the cost of a hotel room. The hotel manager gave them a price of $30.
The men split the bill evenly, each paying $10, and went to their room. However, the hotel manager realized that it was a Wednesday night, which meant the hotel had a special: rooms were only $25. He had overcharged them $5!
He called the bellboy, gave him five one-dollar bills and told him to return it to the men.
When the bellboy explained the situation to the men, they were so pleased at the honesty of the establishment that they promptly tipped the bellboy $2 of the $5 he had returned and each kept $1 for himself.
So each of the three men ended up paying $9 (their original $10, minus $1 back) totalling $27, plus $2 for the bellboy makes $29.
Where did the extra dollar go?
The LOGIC there lies in that you're doing a BACKWARD COUNT and not a normal FORWARD COUNT. Or also known as the SUBTRACTIVE COUNT for the former and ADDITION COUNT for the latter.
You considered that each man paid $10 totalling $30. Take into account of $1 tips make which of them pay $9. $27? What ya didn't consider is the $2 given to the bellboy which makes their total spending on the hotel ALONE $25 <- SUBTRACTIVE move.
If you've decided to add $2 to account for the tips given to the bellboy at the point of $27. You'll realise that if the guys throw back their individual $1 to the $27 again there'll be $30. The $2 tips is to be SUBTRACTED from the $30 total to begin with. You're not taking the $2 tips FROM the bellboy, hence you cannot add the $2 to the SUBTRACTIVE TOTAL of $27.